THE EARLY DAYS
St.
Ninian came from Whithorn in Galloway in the 5th century and dedicated
a Christian burial ground at Cathures (later Glasgow) in the Kingdom of
Strathclyde.
To this spot in the following century came Kentigern, popularly called Mungo.
He was born tradition says on the shore in Fife near Culross where the
ruins of St. Mungo's chapel are supposed to mark the spot. At Culross
he was brought up by St. Serf and trained for the priesthood.
Mungo
left St. Serf and came to Carnock in Stirlingshire from where he
accompanied the corpse of a holy man, Fergus, which was carried on a
cart by two untamed oxen. They stopped at St. Ninian's burial ground in
Cathures where Fergus was buried. The Blacader Aisle may mark the site.
Kentigern
was chosen by the King, clergy and people to be their bishop, and he
founded a monastic community and built a church where, reputedly, St.
Columba came to visit him. From here Kentigern travelled to Cumbria, to
the Lake District, and as far as St. Asaph in North Wales.
The
date of his death is given as 13th January, 603. His tomb is in the
Lower Church of the Cathedral where there is a service held every year
to commemorate his life.
PRE-REFORMATION
There
is little known about the church buildings which stood on the site of
the present Cathedral until the early part of the 12th century.
The
first stone building was consecrated in about 1136 in the presence of
King David I and his Court when John (1117-1147) was Bishop.
Destroyed
or severely damaged by fire, this cathedral was succeeded by a larger
one consecrated in 1197, during the time of Bishop Jocelyn (1177-1199)
to whom we owe the institution of the Glasgow Fair in July, which is
still observed as an annual holiday.
In
the early 14th century, probably under Bishop Walter (1207-1232), the
Nave was extended and completed. The south-west door and the entrance
to the Blacader Aisle and the walls of the nave up to the level of the
sills of the windows belong to this period.
The
next major rebuilding came later in the 13th century with William de
Bondinton (1233-1258) who was responsible for adding the Quire and the
Lower Church. The doorways of the sacristy (Upper Chapter House) and of
the Lower Chapter House date from the mid-13th century, and the whole
church may have been completed before the end of the 13th century.
Most of the Nave above sill level probably dates from after 1330, and the West Window from the later 14th century.
The Pulpitum and the Blacader Aisle were added in the fifteenth century.
POST REFORMATION
After
the Reformation a wall was put across the nave to allow the western
portion of the nave to be used for worship by a congregation which
became know as the Outer High. This congregation worshiped in the nave
from 1647 until 1835.
The
Lower Church was used by another congregation, the Barony, from
1596-1801, until a new church was built just across from the Cathedral.
When
the Lower Church was no longer used for worship, soil was brought in to
a depth of about five feet and it became the burial place for members
of the Barony Congregation. The visible parts of the pillars were
coloured black with white "tears", the graves were enclosed by railings
four feet high, with two narrow passages for access. The Lower Church
was cleared before the middle of the 19th century.
The
congregation which used the Quire was for a time called the Inner High.
The pulpit was placed between pillars of the south aisle and the King's
Seat was on the north aisle. In 1805 a major reconstruction saw the
pulpit removed to the east end. Galleries were inserted between the
pillars on three sides, and the King's Seat was removed to the western
gallery in front of the Pulpitum or Choir Screen.
This
brief history has been taken from "A Walk through Glasgow Cathedral"
written by the previous Minister of the Cathedral, The Very Revd. Dr.
W. J. Morris.
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